مقاله isi با عنوان: توسعه گردشگری پزشکی در ایران با تاکید بر عوامل داخلی و خارجی کشور مبدا
Medical Tourism Development in Iran with Emphasis on the Internal and External Factors of the Country of Origin
Abstract
Modern medical tourism is an outcome that is created by the citizens of advanced countries. These citizens are unable to use medical services in their own countries because of specific reasons such as the high cost of healthcare services, prolongation of the treatment process, etc. Therefore such circumstances lead to an increase in the demand for such services in developing countries. With regard to these considerations, various internal and external factors influence the selection of a country as the destination of medical tourism by the patients. By investigating the global experiences, it has been proven that the value of medical services was the most significant factor in determining the destination of medical tourism at the beginning of this trend; however, with the development of such services and intense competition between medical tourism destination countries, other internal and external factors have been proposed as the factors affecting the choice of medical tourism destination. Thus, this research tries to discuss the sustainable development of medical tourism by emphasizing on internal and external factors of the country of origin. It is a correlation-based study, and the statistical population consists of all university professors in the field of tourism management, which are giving educational services in all provinces of Iran. The snowball method is used for sampling and the questionnaires were distributed among the professors of tourism management who are educating in different universities throughout the country. The number of professors included in the sample is 320. After the collection of data, the structural equation modeling technique with the partial least squares approach is used for further analysis. The findings of the research hypothesis prove a significant impact of medical research, technological factors, environmental factors, hereditary factors, medical tourism marketing, social factors, and the expertise of medical staff, global competition, and political and economic factors on the development of medical tourism.
Keywords: Health tourism, Tourism development, Medical tourism, Internal Factors, External Factors
Research Methodology
This research is a descriptive- correlation study from a theoretical perspective and practical from the perspective of the purpose. The data is gathered quantitatively and via questionnaire to evaluate the relationships between the variables of the conceptual model. The questionnaire is designed according to the review of the literature. Cronbach’s alpha and also Composite reliability index (CR) are used for evaluating the reliability of items in the questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire is confirmed by convergent validity (AVE index) and Discriminant validity (the root of AVE).
In the phase of data analysis, SPSS is used for descriptive analysis of data, while Smart PLS (structure equation modeling method) is used for investigating the relations between variables of the hypothesis and final examination of the research’s model.
The questionnaire used for the collection of data contains 44 items. The questions included in the questionnaire are defined on the basis of 5 points Likert scale (Strongly agree – strongly disagree). The first part of the questionnaire is devoted to demographic data, while the second part is related to the main variables of this research. The validity of the content of the questionnaire is evaluated by referring to the ideas of experts. Cronbach’s alpha for all latent variables is more than 0.7, which is the threshold value. Therefore, the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire is validated (*).
The statistical population of this research consists of tourism management professors who are working in different universities of the country. Since the size of the population is limited, and ten professors are selected from each university, the sample contains 320 participants, and the questionnaire is distributed among them. The snowball sampling method is used for this research.
As it is shown in table 3, the investigations proved that the values of composite reliability and Cronbach’s alpha for all constructs are more than 0.7, which is acceptable. Therefore the constructs of this study have an appropriate level of reliability.
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